- Coefficients: number infont of a chemical formula to indicate the number of atoms or molecules in the element
- Making the amount of each element equal each other on the different sides of the equal sign
- CAN NOT change the subscript
- How?
- Coefficients can be used to ensure an equal number of atoms are found on both sides of the equal sign
- How?
- Example: H2 + O2 = H2O
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Steps:
H2 + O2 = H2O
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- Synthesis - 2 or more elements combined to make a compound
- Example: A + B -> AB or 8Fe + S8 -> 8FeS
- Decomposition - A compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substance
- Example: AB -> A+B or 2H2O -> 2H2 + O2
- Combustion - A compound containing Carbon and Hydrogen is burned in the presence of Oxogen, and the products are Carbon Dioxide and Water Vapor
- Example: CxHy + O2 -> CO2 + H2O
- Single Replacement - 1 element replaces another element in a compound
- Example: A + BC -> AC + B or Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
- Double Replacement - 2 elements of 2 different compounds switch places with one another
- Example: A + BC -> AC + B or NaCl + AgNO3 -> NaNO3 + AgCl
- Neutralization - An Acid-Base, when an acid and a base react to form a metal salt and water reaction
- Example: Hx + MOH -> MX + H2O
- Physical Change - A change in which the chemical composition does NOT change
- No new substances made
- Matter stays the same
- Examples: Melting, Boiling, Dissolving, Change in Shape/Size, and Form Change
- Chemical Change - A change in which the chemical composition DOES change
- New substances made
- New Matter created
- Examples: Change in Color, Formation of a New Precipitate (solid), Heat or Light Production, Gas Production, and Odor Production
- Examples:
- As the Temperature increases, the reaction rate increases
- As the Particle Size decreases, the reaction rate increases
- As the Surface Are of the reactant increases, the reaction rate increases
- As the Concentration (Molarity) of the reactant increases, the reaction rate increases
- As the Temperature increases, the reaction rate increases